Unit1 introduction to cloud computing cloud computing in a nutshell computing itself, to be considered fully virtualized, must allow. Chapter iv drafting a cloud computing contract based on the findings from the previous chapter, this chapter firstly tries to elaborate on the main legal consideration on drafting a cloud computing. Notes on the main issues of cloud computing contracts. Cloud computing and grid computing 360degree compared. Nowadays, three technological storms are, smart mobile devices, ubiquitous highspeed connectivity, and cloud computing. Jul 20, 2011 for these and other reasons cloud computing raises legal issues beyond those encountered in more traditional it outsourcing. Cloud computing guidelines for lawyers nz law society. Over the last few years, it lawyers have seen a significant e in the increasnumber and range of cloud contracts coming across their desks. Security infrastructure protection against threats and vulnerabilities e. Mark vincent, technology and intellectual property law partner. Many cloud service providers use clickwrap terms of business.
But the greater flexibility of a cloud computing service as compared with a traditional outsourcing contract is balanced by less certainty for the customer in terms of the location of data. Because the test looks at so many different factors, it is recommended to pick an agreed jurisdiction before entering into a contract. The name comes from the cloud shaped symbol utilized to represent the complex infrastructure it contains in system diagrams. Cloud computing likely course topics introduction to cloud services, virtualization, paravirtualization, advanced networking, web services, serverside scripting languages and frameworks, cloud programming paradigms, cloud deployment and machine management, scaleup vs scaleout, cloud storage, cloud. The contract would address the procedure for introducing amendments and making them effective. Most of these issues are ultimately business ones, requiring business decisions, but they are legal in the sense that they either are embedded in the contract typically in a way that favors the vendor or should be dealt with in the contract to ensure that the vendors actions are appropriately. Feb 04, 2011 lecture notes and presentations requires mit certificates summary and goals. These services are offered from data centers all over the. Cloud computing offers load balancing that makes it more reliable.
A combination of lectures and hands on programming assignments expose the student to the leading cloud computing paradigms and programming interfaces e. In the light of the nature of cloud computing services, it might be difficult to differentiate changes that would constitute amendment of the contract from those changes that would not. Negotiating cloud computing contracts christopher millard iapp academy 2012 5 what is likely to be in an off the shelf cloud contract. From the cloud providers point of view, a huge amount of resources is needed to allocate among the globally distributed cloud users dynamically in a costeffective way while from the cloud users. It should be noted that bradshaw et al 2010 do note other cases with. In a contract between a consumer and a professional, obligations relating to general consumer protection should be fulfilled directive 977ec. The same factors which encourage limited flexibility in many cloud contracts also encourage the use of.
Privacy and information law at the centre for commercial legal studies, queen mary. Cloud computing lecture 31 introduction to cloud computing, types. Cloud computing literally, is the use of remote servers usually accessible via the internet to process or store information. This type of infrastructure is accessible to a wide audience and belongs to a provider of cloud services. The emergence of cloud computing itself is closely linked to the maturity of such technologies. In this section, we assess evolutionary changes in machine architecture, operating system platform, network connectivity, and application workload. Cloud computing defined cloud computing is a method of delivering information and communication technology ict services where the customer pays to use, rather than necessarily own, the resources. There is no consumer protection legislation that specifically applies to cloud computing. Theory download pdf unit i cloud computing fundamentals. Cs6703 grid and cloud computing unit i scalable computing over the internet over the past 60 years, computing technology has undergone a series of platform and environment changes.
The postal service included language in cloud computing contracts to address. Cloud computing lecture notes in pdf format students are advised to follow their syllabus while studying jntuh jntuk jntua cloud computing cc study material and book. As we have covered all topics but the topics provided in the notes are not tabulated according to latest prescribed syllabus. A combination of lectures and handson programming assignments expose the student to the leading cloud computing paradigms and programming interfaces e. Cloud contracts contrasted with outsourcing, software licence. Its a clausebyclause how to guide on cloud computing agreements, software. Cloud computing definition, types of cloud, cloud services. The term is generally used to describe data centers available to many users over the internet. What about cloud provider employees accessing data. Cloud computing may be highly virtualized and digitized, but it is still based on a relationship between two parties consisting of human beings.
Cloud computing defined cloud computing is a method of delivering information and communication technology ict services where the customer pays to use, rather than necessarily. Cloud computing is defined as the use of computing resources, including data, software, and computation, which are delivered to users as a remote service over a network. Cloud computing practice note the term cloud computing is commonly used to refer to the delivery of hosted services over the internet. The contract may also need to address the consequences of rejection of amendments by either party. Cloud computing research issues, challenges, architecture. Cloud computing, whereby software, data processing, data storage and other key it requirements are delivered as a service via the internet, is evolving rapidly. Task computing and taskbased application models lecture 34 marketbased management of clouds. Apr, 2017 cloud governance is a businesswide initiative because it involves compliance officers, risk managers, and senior executives as well as it. Depending on who you talk to, cloud computing is either i a revolutionary idea that is rapidly changing the face of computing, or ii an old idea whose time has come, or iii just hype, or iv evil. The inactive account clause is unusual in businesstobusiness cloud computing contracts provided for remuneration. Contract terms for cloud computing services are evolving, driven by users. Deployment and service models, characteristics, applications lecture 32 servicelevel agreement, virtualization. This course provides an introduction into the technologies behind cloud computing. Nowadays, three technological storms are, smart mobile devices, ubiquitous highspeed connectivity, and cloud.
Software as a service saas license agreement sample. The terms they are achangin watching cloud contracts. The terms they are achangin watching cloud contracts take shape. A recent report on the future of cloud computing published by the european commission9 identified a number of economic factors that are driving the adoption of a cloud based business model. Although many formal definitions have been proposed in both academia and industry, the one provided by u. A cloud computing service contract, in common with many other sorts of commercial contract, may give the option of commercial arbitration as an alternative to litigation or may even seek. Jul 12, 2018 cloud computing lecture notes in pdf format students are advised to follow their syllabus while studying jntuh jntuk jntua cloud computing cc study material and book. These services are typically provided by third parties using internet technologies. The terms they are achangin watching cloud contracts take shape 1. Lets look at the cobit model, which publishes five essential process areas both businesswide and for specific. Cloud computing is highly cost effective because it operates at higher. See appendix b for additional information on other impact. Abstractcloud computing is the development of parallel computing, distributed computing, grid computing and.
Jan 14, 20 cloud computing may be highly virtualized and digitized, but it is still based on a relationship between two parties consisting of human beings. Notes on the main issues of cloud computing contracts prepared. The tech contracts handbook is a practical, userfriendly reference manual and training guide on cloud computing agreements, software licenses, and other it contracts. Cloud computing is highly cost effective because it operates at higher efficiencies with greater utilization. The present notes address the main issues of cloud computing contracts between business entities where one party the provider provides to the other party the customer one or more cloud computing services for end use. Protection of data and resources is data secure in multitenant env. Its a clausebyclause how to guide on cloud computing agreements, software licenses, technology services agreements, and other it contracts covering the issues at stake and offering negotiation tips and sample contract language. Depending on who you talk to, cloud computing is either i a revolutionary idea that is rapidly changing. Various aspects of cloud contracts were discussed by bradshaw et al. Many cloud service providers use clickwrap terms of business such terms of business may state, for example, that. The tos contain the commercial terms, legal clauses and choice of law jurisdiction. Cloud computing nist definition cloud computing is a model for enabling convenient, ondemand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources e.
Nist national institute of standards and technology 1 appears to include key common elements widely used in the cloud computing community. It is imperative that if your business is entering into a contract with a cloud computing vendor, the contract clearly sets out liability clauses and mitigates unique risks that arise from this form of technology. Basic roots of cloud computing information technology essay introduction. Postal service cloud computing contracts have adequate controls to address information accessibility, data security, and privacy concerns. But the greater flexibility of a cloud computing service as compared with a. Customer inactivity for a certain time period specified in the contract may be a ground for unilateral termination of the contract by the provider.
However, cloud governance is closely related to it, who is responsible for cloud computing. These services are offered from data centers all over the world and are collectively referred to as the cloud. Sep 02, 2010 but the greater flexibility of a cloud computing service as compared with a traditional outsourcing contract is balanced by less certainty for the customer in terms of the location of data placed into the cloud and the legal foundations of any contract with the provider. January 15, 2016 updated on april 1, 2016 cloud computing is becoming the primary platform for web applications and the online distribution of increasingly complex and sensitive data. The following article evaluates two models for providing purchasers of online digital content, including cloud computing services, with visual notice of contract terms and data collection practises. Benefits and challenges of cloud computing, evolution of cloud computing, usage scenarios and applications, business models around cloud major players in cloud computing. The resources can be used without interaction with cloud service provider. Amendments to the contract could be triggered by either party. Cloud computing definition is that it is a shared pool of configurable computing resource eg. See cloud computing contracts what legal commitments can you expect from. The office of the privacy commissioners guidance note cloud computing. The tech contracts handbook is a practical and accessible reference and training manual on it contracts.
Are there any other relevant issues related to applicable law and cloud computing. Cloud computing is a model for enabling convenient, on. Deployment and service models, characteristics, applications lecture 32 servicelevel agreement, virtualization lecture 33 highthroughput computing. Cloud computing is the on demand availability of computer system resources, especially data storage cloud storage and computing power, without direct active management by the user. Lecture notes on high performance computing course code. Notes on cloud computing principles thomas sandholm1,2 and dongman lee2 correspondence. In a contract between a consumer and a professional. Cloud computing governance and compliance is critically important for a key reason. Aug 01, 2010 the tech contracts handbook is a practical and accessible reference and training manual on it contracts. Any user with an internet connection can access the cloud and the services it provides. Basic roots of cloud computing information technology essay. Comparative study on cloud computing contracts publications office. Jan 15, 2016 for many companies, cloud computing contracts inadequately address privacy and security risks.
Cloud computingkey legal issues legal guidance lexisnexis. Senthil raja computer science and engineering, srm university senthilraja. However, whilst many organisations are becoming reliant on cloud resources, contracts for cloud services often contain provisions that are inappropriate, unenforceable andor illegal. Nist national institute of standards and technology 1 appears to. All use of cloud computing by lawyers and law firms must always be within the. Lecture notes and presentations requires mit certificates summary and goals. Most of these issues are ultimately business ones, requiring business decisions, but they are legal in the sense that they either are embedded in the contract. Its a clausebyclause how to resource, covering the issues at stake and offering negotiation tips and sample contract language. Computer scientists are predicting that perhaps cloud systems will be the next generation operating system.
Role of contracts in cloud 2 no law of the cloud general rules are often difficult to apply few judicial decisions vague or competing best practices jurisdictional challenges contract allows the parties to determine the law with limitations background law, immutable defaults etc. Part of the cloud computing contract between the provider and the customer that identifies the cloud computing services covered by the contract and the level of service expected or to be achieved under the contract see the performance parameters. This website is intended for educational puposes only. Cloud computing and grid computing 360degree compared 2. Notes on the main issues of cloud computing contracts prepared by the secretariat of the united nations commission on international trade law, 2019. Computer clusters using commodity processors, network. We present a closer look at the technol ogies that form the base of cloud computing, with the aim of providing a clearer picture of the cloud ecosystem as a whole. This practice note considers the following legal and commercial issues relating to cloud services. This study provides an overview over legislation, case law and administrative guidelines applicable to cloud computing contracts. Comparison and analysis of the terms and conditions of cloud computing. Cloud computing likely course topics introduction to cloud services, virtualization, paravirtualization, advanced networking, web services, serverside scripting languages and. Note that virtually all contracts surveyed allowed the vendor to terminate the agreement. Cloud computing is the ondemand availability of computer system resources, especially data storage cloud storage and computing power, without direct active management by the user.
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